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People outdoors would gain a baseline right to reasonably available voice calls and text messages across Australia. “Outdoors” excludes buildings, vehicles, aircraft, vessels, underground and underwater locations. Coverage need not be provided where an exception applies, including the Australian Radio Quiet Zone in Western Australia.
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Telstra, Optus and TPG would each have to meet the obligation across the general Australian coverage area from 1 December 2027. The minister can start it earlier or postpone it by 12 months up to three times, after consulting the three companies and considering technical, market and consumer issues. The minister can also split it into separate obligations—such as voice and text—and assign different providers, starting times or coverage areas.
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The scheme does not promise a signal everywhere. A service must be available for people to use in practice, including through an affordable plan and compatible device. Satellite connections may require a clear view of the sky, while technical limits, outages and other specified circumstances can affect whether coverage is reasonably available. The minister may set standards covering the affordability of the required services.
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During an emergency, the minister may make rules requiring temporary disaster roamingEmergency access to a mobile network other than the customer’s usual network.. This would let affected people use another provider’s network for calls and texts. Rules could cover timing, minimum performance, information sharing, wholesale prices and reporting, but roaming is not automatic unless the minister makes those rules.
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For services delivered under the outdoor obligation, the minister may set enforceable requirements covering price, reliability, call quality, text-message performance, fault repairs, congestion and customer information. When setting minimum fault-repair targets, the minister must consider whether the timing is reasonable for the service’s location, including regional, rural and remote areas.
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A separate set of powers would operate from the bill’s commencement, before the outdoor obligation’s default start date. These powers let the minister set enforceable standards, rules and minimum performance targets for carriers and mobile service providers generally, covering matters such as reliability, call and text quality, fault repairs, congestion and customer information. Unlike the outdoor-obligation standards, these general powers are not intended to regulate retail prices.
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The outdoor obligation applies to services sold to customers. It does not force terrestrial network or satellite operators to supply wholesale services to mobile companies. Wholesale accessOne telecommunications company supplying network services to another. instead remains covered by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission’s existing powers, including powers to set price and non-price terms for declared services.
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If a provider expects it can no longer meet its obligation, it must generally warn the minister and the Australian Communications and Media Authority at least 12 months beforehand. If that is not reasonably practical, notice is due as soon as reasonably practical and no later than 10 business days after the time, if any, when the provider ceases to be able to fulfil the obligation. The regulator may also require a departing provider to tell customers when it is leaving and identify the replacement provider.
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The scheme supports Triple Zero rather than creating a separate emergency-call requirement. Existing emergency-call rules already apply to public mobile voice services, including voice services supplied under this obligation. The government can also use the existing public-interest telecommunications account for contracts, grants, research, standards and public information supporting the scheme.
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The bill also removes restrictions that could prevent the minister from appointing or changing providers under the existing universal service rules for fixed voice services and payphones until earlier appointments had first been revoked. The change is intended to allow providers or contracts to overlap where needed while services are transferred.