Reduced discrimination protections
Critics feared the changes could make it lawful to exclude transgender and gender-diverse people from services, facilities, activities or employment, weakening protections that affect their daily lives.
This bill did not become law and is no longer proceeding.
Law, justice & rights
People covered by Australia's federal sex-discrimination law would have their sex defined as male or female based on characteristics present at birth.
The bill says court decisions in 2026 created uncertainty for people and organisations running single-sex spaces, exposing them to complaints, costs and lawsuits. It says clearer rules are needed to protect safety, dignity and privacy while keeping existing protections against discrimination. The evidence gives no figures for the number of complaints, cases or people affected.
Australia had protected gender identityA person's deeply held sense of gender. under the Sex Discrimination Act since 2013, while the Act did not define man or woman by biological sex. After the Federal Court upheld a finding on 16 May 2026 that a transgender woman was unlawfully excluded from the Giggle for Girls app, Coalition figures pledged to define biological sex and debate grew over single-sex spaces and trans protections; Senator Michaelia Cash introduced this private bill on 1 July 2026, but the Senate negatived its first reading that day.
The evidence pack contains no debate speech or other document setting out criticism of the bill. It therefore does not establish any criticism that can be fairly attributed to a named speaker or party.
Senator Michaelia Cash introduced this bill. It was supported by Liberal, One Nation, Nationals, Liberal Party; opposed by Labor, Greens, some crossbench members; and did not pass.
Did it become law?
No
The bill did not complete passage through Parliament.
Final passage
Did not pass
1 recorded vote before the bill stopped proceeding
Time before failure
Same day
From introduction to the final recorded step before the bill stopped proceeding
Meaning
People covered by Australia's federal sex-discrimination law would have their sex defined as male or female based on characteristics present at birth.
People who change their body or identity documents would not change their sex under this law.
People whose sex was incorrectly identified at birth because they have intersex traits would be recognised by their biological sex.
Operators of single-sex services and spaces could restrict access by sex without breaching sex or gender-identity discrimination rules.
People using shelters, bathrooms, hospital wards, sporting competitions or prisons could face access rules based on sex at birthMale or female classification based on biological characteristics..
People using online services could also face sex-based access rules, including on a women-only networking app.
State and territory residents would be covered by these federal rules even where local discrimination laws conflict with them.
4C Meaning of sex, man, woman etc. (1) A reference in this Act to a person’s sex is a reference to the person’s sex at birth, being either male or female as determined by the person’s chromosomal and reproductive characteristics. Note: This definition of sex confirms that a person’s sex is immutable. This is in contrast to a person’s gender identity (see the definition of gender identity in section 4). (2) To avoid doubt, nothing after birth affects a person’s sex, including, for example, any subsequent medical, surgical or hormonal intervention or any change to the person’s birth certificaSex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
(1) A reference in this Act to a person’s sex is a reference to the person’s sex at birth, being either male or female as determined by the person’s chromosomal and reproductive characteristics. Note: This definition of sex confirms that a person’s sex is immutable. This is in contrast to a person’s gender identity (see the definition of gender identity in section 4). (2) To avoid doubt, nothing after birth affects a person’s sex, including, for example, any subsequent medical, surgical or hormonal intervention or any change to the person’s birth certificate or other identity document.Sex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
Intersex status (6) Where a person has an intersex status and the person’s biological sex was incorrectly identified at birth, the person’s sex for the purposes of this Act is the person’s biological sex.Sex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
30A Single‑sex arrangements Single‑sex arrangements (1) Despite anything in: (a) this Act (including, to avoid doubt, section 5B); or (b) a law of a State or Territory (within the meaning of subsection 10(2)); a person does not discriminate against another person on the ground of sex or gender identity by engaging in conduct in connection with, or for the purposes of, establishing, operating, giving effect to, providing access to or maintaining a single‑sex arrangement. Note: This subsection would apply, for example, so that a person operating a women’s shelter does not discriminate by dSex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
Meaning of single‑sex arrangement (3) A single‑sex arrangement is any service, facility, space, activity, body or other arrangement, to the extent that it is restricted to persons of a particular sex for the purpose of protecting the safety, dignity, privacy or equality of women and girls, or of men and boys, and includes (without limitation): (a) a shelter, refuge, crisis service or support service; and (b) a bathroom, changing room or similar facility; and (c) a hospital ward or other health service; and (d) a sporting activity, competition or event, and any selection process or eligibiSex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
(4) To avoid doubt, a single‑sex arrangement may be provided wholly or partly by electronic means, including through an online service, application or platform. Note: Because of this subsection, a women’s networking app may be a single‑sex arrangement. Subsection (1) would apply, for example, so that a person operating the app does not discriminate by declining access to, or restricting participation by, a person whose sex at birth is male but who identifies as a woman.Sex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
Interaction with State and Territory laws (5) It is the intention of the Parliament that conduct covered by subsection (1) be lawful despite any law of a State or Territory. Accordingly, and despite sections 10 and 11, this section applies to the exclusion of a law of a State or Territory (within the meaning of subsection 10(2)) to the extent that the law would, apart from this section, render that conduct unlawful.Sex Discrimination Amendment (Restoring Common Sense and Recognising Biological Sex) introduced text
Context
Australia had protected gender identityA person's deeply held sense of gender. under the Sex Discrimination Act since 2013, while the Act did not define man or woman by biological sex. After the Federal Court upheld a finding on 16 May 2026 that a transgender woman was unlawfully excluded from the Giggle for Girls app, Coalition figures pledged to define biological sex and debate grew over single-sex spaces and trans protections; Senator Michaelia Cash introduced this private bill on 1 July 2026, but the Senate negatived its first reading that day.
Gender identityA person's deeply held sense of gender. becomes a protected attribute
An amendment made discrimination on the ground of gender identityA person's deeply held sense of gender. unlawful, establishing the legal protection this bill seeks to preserve or reshape.
Coalition pushes to amend Sex Discrimination Act after Giggle v Tickle | news.com.au — Australia’s leading news site for latest headlines ↗Federal Court upholds Giggle v Tickle discrimination finding
The ruling confirmed that excluding a transgender woman from the female-only Giggle for Girls app could breach the Act, giving the proposed rewrite a direct legal trigger.
Angus Taylor vows to amend Sex Discrimination Act following 'Tickle v Giggle' case - ABC News ↗Sex discrimination commissioner condemns proposed biological-sex changes
Commissioner Anna Cody warned the changes could restrict trans women from female-only bathrooms, change rooms, gyms, sporting groups and prisons.
Commissioner condemns 'retrograde' bid to change male and female definitions in Sex Discrimination Act - ABC News ↗Senator Michaelia Cash introduces the bill
The private bill sought to define sex through birth, chromosomes and reproductive characteristics and allow single-sex arrangements to restrict access, but its first reading was negatived the same day.
Parliamentary timeline ↗Legislative route
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
Key criticism
The evidence pack contains no debate speech or other document setting out criticism of the bill. It therefore does not establish any criticism that can be fairly attributed to a named speaker or party.
The bill itself argues that single-sex arrangements protect safety, dignity, privacy and equality, and that the proposed definitions would provide legal clarity.
Reduced discrimination protections
Critics feared the changes could make it lawful to exclude transgender and gender-diverse people from services, facilities, activities or employment, weakening protections that affect their daily lives.
Further sources
Votes
These were the main recorded votes on the bill.
Defeated 21 to 30. Support came from Liberal, One Nation, Nationals, and Liberal Party. Opposition came from Labor, Greens, and minor parties and independents.
These are votes on the bill itself rather than amendment votes.
Parliamentary debate
No speeches were found for this bill.
Record
Senate · Introduced
Introduced
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
Senate · First reading negatived
First reading negatived
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.