Drafting risk to prosecutions
The original drafting could have prevented convictions for some serious Commonwealth child sexual offences; government amendments addressed the identified errors before passage.
This bill became law on Dec 10th, 2024.
Law, justice & rights
Children and vulnerable adults receive special court protections across more federal offences, including genocide, torture, war crimes and child drug offences.
The government said sexual assault can cause devastating and long-lasting harm, while court processes can cause further trauma. The bill carries out recommendations 52, 53, 56 and 61 from the 2017 Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, the national inquiry into abuse in institutions. It forms part of a wider $14.7 million government program to improve justice responses to sexual assault.
Commonwealth criminal procedure already gave some vulnerable people special protections, but the 2017 Royal Commission and the 2021–2030 national strategy recognised that survivors can face cumulative, long-lasting harm when giving evidence in child sexual abuse cases. After the federal government set the scope of an inquiry into judicial responses to sexual violence in January 2024, Mark Dreyfus MP introduced the bill to widen protections, restrict sexual-history evidence and direct cross-examinationQuestions from the opposing side., and Parliament passed it in November before Royal Assent in December made it law.
Michaelia Cash (Liberal) argued that the introduced bill was badly drafted and could have blocked evidence needed to prove some serious child sexual offences. She said a Senate committee inquiry identified the problem before passage. Larissa Waters (Australian Greens) argued that broader communication support, regular trauma training and properly funded legal help were still needed. She said the women’s safety sector sought $1 billion each year and that one in four women seeking help risked being turned away.
Mark Dreyfus MP introduced this bill. It passed on the voices.
Did it become law?
Yes
Became law 10 Dec 2024
Final passage
Passed without a counted vote
4 recorded amendment or procedural votes were found, but no counted vote on the bill itself was recorded.
Passage speed
307 days
From introduction to the latest recorded parliamentary step
Meaning
Children and vulnerable adults receive special court protections across more federal offences, including genocide, torture, war crimes and child drug offences.
Adults abused as children can receive the protections for child complainants and witnesses. They can choose not to receive them after turning 18.
Vulnerable adult complainants cannot be questioned about their sexual reputation. Evidence about sexual experiences is allowed only under strict court tests.
Vulnerable witnesses can give recorded evidence when a court decides this is fair. They do not have to see the defendant while recording it.
Vulnerable witnesses usually avoid repeating recorded evidence. A court can require more evidence when clarification, new information or fairness makes it necessary.
Vulnerable adult complainants cannot be personally questioned by defendants without lawyers. A court-appointed person asks the defendant’s questions instead.
Victims and survivors can identify themselves publicly. Someone else may identify them with informed consentAgreement after understanding choices and consequences. and within any limits they set.
Crimes Act 1914 1 After paragraph 15Y(1)(b) (ba) an offence against Division 268 of the Criminal Code that is: (ia) genocide (within the meaning of that Code); or (i) a crime against humanity (within the meaning of that Code); or (ii) a war crime (within the meaning of that Code); or (iii) a crime against the administration of the justice of the International Criminal Court (within the meaning of that Code); 2 After paragraph 15Y(1)(cad) (cae) an offence against Division 274 of the Criminal Code (torture); (caf) an offence against Division 309 of the Criminal Code (drug offences involCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
17A After section 15YAB 15YAC Child complainants (1) A child complainant, in relation to a child proceeding: (a) is a child who is, or is alleged to be, a victim of an offence, of a kind referred to in subsection 15Y(1), to which the proceeding relates (whether or not the child is involved in the proceeding or was involved in the initiation of the proceeding); and (b) includes a person who was such a child at the time the offence concerned was alleged to have been committed. (2) However, a person who is 18 or over is not a child complainant if the person informs the court that the personCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
26 After section 15YC 15YCA Evidence of sexual reputation—vulnerable adult proceedings Evidence of a vulnerable adult complainant’s reputation with respect to sexual activities is inadmissible in a vulnerable adult proceeding. 15YCB Evidence of sexual experience—vulnerable adult proceedings (1) Evidence of a vulnerable adult complainant’s experience with respect to sexual activities is inadmissible in a vulnerable adult proceeding, unless the court gives leave. (2) The court must not give leave unless the court is satisfied that: (a) the evidence is substantially relevant to facts in issCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
15YDB Evidence recording hearings (1) The court may, if it is satisfied that it is in the interests of justice to do so, order a hearing (the evidence recording hearing) for the vulnerable person to give evidence. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the court must take into account: (a) whether each party to the proceeding has sufficient time to prepare for the evidence recording hearing and the proceeding; and (b) the availability of: (i) the prosecutor in the proceeding; and (ii) if the defendant has a legal representative—the defendant’s legal representative; and (iii) if the defCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
15YDG Vulnerable person need not give further evidence unless court orders (1) If evidence given by the vulnerable person in an evidence recording hearing is admitted in the proceeding, the vulnerable person need not give any further evidence in the proceeding unless the court orders that this is necessary: (a) to clarify the vulnerable person’s evidence given in the evidence recording hearing; or (b) to give proper consideration of information or material that has become available since the evidence recording hearing; or (c) in the interests of justice. Note: This subsection covers furthCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
27A After section 15YF 15YFA Unrepresented defendants—cross‑examination of vulnerable adult complainants (1) A defendant in a vulnerable adult proceeding who is not represented by counsel is not to cross‑examine a vulnerable adult complainant. Note: A person is not to cross‑examine certain persons at committal proceedings or proceedings of a similar kind—see section 15YHA. (2) A person appointed by the court is to ask the vulnerable adult complainant any questions that the defendant requests the person to ask the complainant.Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
52 Section 15YR (heading) Repeal the heading, substitute: 15YR Publication identifying another person as a child witness, child complainant, vulnerable adult complainant or special witness 53 Paragraph 15YR(1)(c) Repeal the paragraph, substitute: (c) the matter identifies, or is likely to lead to the identification of, another person (the vulnerable person) as: (i) a child witness or child complainant in a child proceeding; or (ii) a vulnerable adult complainant in a vulnerable adult proceeding; or (iii) in the case of a special witness in a special witness proceeding for whom an orderCrimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) as-passed text
Context
Commonwealth criminal procedure already gave some vulnerable people special protections, but the 2017 Royal Commission and the 2021–2030 national strategy recognised that survivors can face cumulative, long-lasting harm when giving evidence in child sexual abuse cases. After the federal government set the scope of an inquiry into judicial responses to sexual violence in January 2024, Mark Dreyfus MP introduced the bill to widen protections, restrict sexual-history evidence and direct cross-examinationQuestions from the opposing side., and Parliament passed it in November before Royal Assent in December made it law.
Royal Commission recommends stronger protections for survivors
The Royal Commission's final report provided recommendations that the bill later implemented to improve protections for vulnerable people in criminal proceedings.
Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) explanatory memorandum ↗National strategy prioritises support for child sexual abuse survivors
The National Strategy's first action plan called for victims and survivors to be supported in recognition of the cumulative, complex and long-lasting effects of child sexual abuse.
Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) explanatory memorandum ↗Federal inquiry into judicial responses to sexual violence announced
The government announced the scope of an inquiry examining how the justice system responds to sexual violence, adding momentum to reform efforts.
ABC News ↗Mark Dreyfus MP introduces the bill
Mark Dreyfus MP introduced the bill to strengthen protections for vulnerable complainants and witnesses in Commonwealth criminal proceedings.
Hansard ↗Parliament passes the bill
Both houses passed the bill in the same form, completing parliamentary passage of the expanded protections.
Parliamentary timeline ↗Royal Assent turns the bill into an Act
The Governor-General gave Royal Assent, completing the bill's transition into law.
Parliamentary timeline ↗Legislative route
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
Introduced and read a first time
A minister or sponsoring member moved the second reading, opening the main debate on the bill's purpose and principles.
Second reading moved
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
Referred to Federation Chamber
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
The chamber agreed to the bill at second reading, meaning it accepted the bill in principle and allowed it to continue.
Second reading agreed to
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
Reported from Federation Chamber
The chamber agreed to the bill at third reading, which completed passage through that chamber. Later message exchanges with the other chamber were still recorded afterwards.
Third reading agreed to
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
Introduced and read a first time
A minister or sponsoring member moved the second reading, opening the main debate on the bill's purpose and principles.
Second reading moved
Considered by scrutiny committee (28/02/2024): Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills; Scrutiny Digest 7 of 2024
Scrutiny Digest 7 of 2024
APH bill page notesReferred to Committee (29/02/2024): Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee; Committee report (24/04/2024)
Report tabled 24 Apr 2024
APH bill page notesConsidered by scrutiny committee (20/03/2024): Parliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights; Report 2 of 2024
Report 2 of 2024
APH bill page notesThe bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
The chamber agreed to the bill at second reading, meaning it accepted the bill in principle and allowed it to continue.
Second reading agreed to
The chamber considered amendments before the bill moved to the next stage.
Committee of the Whole debate
The chamber agreed to the bill at third reading, which completed passage through that chamber.
Third reading agreed to
The House dealt with Senate amendments or requests so both chambers could settle the bill in the same form.
Consideration of Senate message
Both houses passed the bill in the same form, completing parliamentary passage.
Finally passed both Houses
The Governor-General gave Royal Assent, turning the bill into an Act.
Key criticism
Michaelia Cash (Liberal) argued that the introduced bill was badly drafted and could have blocked evidence needed to prove some serious child sexual offences. She said a Senate committee inquiry identified the problem before passage. Larissa Waters (Australian Greens) argued that broader communication support, regular trauma training and properly funded legal help were still needed. She said the women’s safety sector sought $1 billion each year and that one in four women seeking help risked being turned away.
Cash supported the bill’s overall purpose and said the problems concerned its introduced drafting. The final text changed the disputed evidence rules and prevents unrepresented defendants from personally questioning vulnerable adult complainants.
Drafting risk to prosecutions
The original drafting could have prevented convictions for some serious Commonwealth child sexual offences; government amendments addressed the identified errors before passage.
Protection and funding gaps
The bill did not impose a complete ban on accused people personally cross-examining sexual violence complainants, and its protections could be weakened without adequate funding for legal assistance and frontline services.
Further sources
Votes
The bill passed both chambers on the voices. The counted divisions below were about amendments or procedure, not final passage.
House agreed to the bill's third reading on the voices, so there is no list of individual Aye and No votes for final passage in that chamber.
Passed on the voices
In a voice vote, members call out Aye or No and the presiding officer judges which side has it. Individual names are only recorded if a formal division is called.
Senate agreed to the bill's third reading on the voices, so there is no list of individual Aye and No votes for final passage in that chamber.
Passed on the voices
In a voice vote, members call out Aye or No and the presiding officer judges which side has it. Individual names are only recorded if a formal division is called.
Amendments grouped by chamber. These cards include amendment outcomes recorded without a counted division.
Senate
Decided 31 to 31. Support came from Liberal, Nationals, One Nation, Gerard Rennick People First, and minor parties and independents. Opposition came from Labor and Greens.
The proposal was defeated after the vote tied 31–31, so the criticism was not added to the Senate’s second-reading motion.
Did not vote: Liberal Party
Defeated 13 to 26. Support came from Greens and minor parties and independents. Opposition came from Labor, Liberal, One Nation, and Nationals.
The Senate rejected the proposal by 26 votes to 13, so the call was not added to the second-reading motion.
Did not vote: Liberal Party
Passed 32 to 24. Support came from Labor, Greens, Australia's Voice, and minor parties and independents. Opposition came from Liberal, Nationals, and Gerard Rennick People First.
The committee approved the provision by 32 votes to 24, adding the restriction to the bill.
Did not vote: Liberal Party
Decided 27 to 27. Support came from Liberal, Nationals, Australia's Voice, and Gerard Rennick People First. Opposition came from Labor and Greens. Minor-party and independent votes were split.
The proposal was defeated after the vote tied 27–27, so the statutory review requirement was not added to the bill.
Did not vote: Liberal Party
The Senate accepted most government amendments, including changes concerning covered offences, witness definitions, recorded evidence, personal questioning and interpreters. No vote counts are recorded.
Carried on voices
The chamber decided this amendment without a counted division, so there is no list of individual Aye and No votes.
These are amendment votes, not the final passage vote on the bill itself. The bill passed both chambers on the voices.
The parliamentary record also shows 21 Government amendments agreed without a counted division.
Parliamentary debate
Start here — lead voices
Dreyfus supports the bill because it strengthens protections for vulnerable witnesses and complainants, reduces the risk of retraumatisation and gives victims and survivors greater control over their stories while retaining due process for defendants.
Read in Hansard ↗Cash says the coalition will support the bill because its procedural protections broadly align with coalition policy, but strongly criticises the government's original drafting for potentially preventing convictions for serious child sexual offences until Senate scrutiny exposed and fixed the errors.
Read in Hansard ↗Zali Steggall supports the bill as a positive first step towards a more victim-centred justice system, while urging further reforms to protect survivors and prevent cases spanning federal and state jurisdictions from falling through the cracks.
Read in Hansard ↗Brown supports the bill as an important step that strengthens protections for vulnerable people in Commonwealth criminal proceedings, reduces the risk of re-traumatisation and gives victims and survivors greater control over their stories.
Read in Hansard ↗All speeches by bloc
8 speakers · 7 support · 1 unclear
“This Bill is an important step toward creating better outcomes for vulnerable persons in Commonwealth criminal proceedings through strengthened protections and enhanced safeguards. The amendments aim to minimise the risk of re-traumatisation, and provide greater assurance that vulnerable persons will be treated with appropriate sensitivity when appearing as witnesses or complainants in criminal proceedings.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“Labor is committed to strengthening and harmonising sexual assault and consent laws, and to improving outcomes and experiences for victims and survivors in our justice system. Providing trauma informed support and a secure victim- and survivor-centred experience at all stages of the criminal justice process helps ensure vulnerable persons are treated with sensitivity. It will also decrease the risk of retraumatisation and will have a positive impact on victims and survivors in their journeys to healing. This bill has my full support.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“CLAYDON (—) (): I thank all the speakers who have come before me to lend their support to this most important bill, the Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) Bill 2024, before the Australian parliament. This amendment to the Crimes Act, which will indeed strengthen the criminal justice response for victims and survivors of sexual assault in Australia, is important work of this parliament. It's been a long time coming, and I, along with many of my colleagues, have sat on numerous inquiries over the years and through important royal commissions and have read papers written by experts and, most importantly, the testimony of the victims and survivors themselves, who have called for these changes to occur in our criminal justice system. The legislation before the House today will go a long way to improving the experience of victims and survivors of sexual violence, particularly for vulnerable people in Commonwealth criminal proceedings.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“I too am going to speak on the Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) Bill 2024. As the Assistant Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence in the Albanese government, I'm very proud to be here today supporting this very comprehensive suite of reforms which stakeholders, experts and victims-survivors have been calling for. Many people right throughout the community—so many people—have been calling for this for a long period of time. I know I and my colleagues are all proud to be delivering this suite of measures to address these issues.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“For all those brave women and all women across the nation I stand today to support this bill. Like our Attorney-General, I recognise and thank all victims-survivors who have advocated for this much-needed reform. These efforts build upon the extensive work undertaken by our government since taking office, leading national discussions on strengthening responses to sexual assault.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“This bill is an important step towards creating better outcomes for vulnerable persons in Commonwealth criminal proceedings through strengthened protections and enhanced safeguards. The amendments aim to minimise the risk of retraumatisation, and provide greater assurance that vulnerable persons will be treated with appropriate sensitivity when appearing as witnesses or complainants in criminal proceedings. I commend the bill to the House.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“These reforms better support victims and survivors engaged in the Commonwealth criminal justice system, whilst maintaining due process protections and ensuring that defendants continue to be tried fairly and impartially.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“The minister has already summed up and technically you'd only be able to make a contribution by leave at this point. The chamber is going to move to the Committee of the Whole, at which point you would be able to make a contribution. Given the uncertainty in the chamber and to progress the matter, I will put the amendments, and then the opportunity for you to make a contribution on this important debate will still be there in the Committee of the Whole.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
2 speakers · 1 support · 1 mixed
“The four matters I have just spoken to are broadly consistent with coalition positions, so we will be supporting the bill. I say quite clearly that there has never been doubt about the actual intention of this bill. We have said from the very beginning, as the Attorney-General knows, that we, as the coalition, support the intent of this legislation. However, yet again, as with so many bills—in fact, I would say it is now almost every bill the Attorney-General brings before the Australian parliament—the sloppy drafting but in particular the extraordinary failures of drafting procedure and process that are inherent in this particular bill would, if passed in its current form, have devastating consequences.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“Initial feedback from stakeholders is that these measures are broadly in line with criminal procedure provisions in the various state and territory jurisdictions. However, the bill is technical in nature, and a close analysis is warranted, informed by the expertise of the legal profession. It is highly desirable that the parliament should, before arriving at a final position, allow the legal profession and other stakeholders to provide input through a parliamentary committee process so as to allow the parliament to be satisfied that the bill is well adapted to the problems it seeks to address. I thank the House.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
1 speaker · 2 contributions · 1 support
Hansard records 2 separate contributions by Larissa Waters on this bill. They are grouped here so the speaker is listed once.
Second reading speech
Waters says the Greens support the bill's stronger protections for sexual violence survivors, while arguing the reforms should be backed by a complete ban on personal cross-examinationQuestions from the opposing side. by accused people and proper funding for legal assistance and frontline services.
“I rise to speak to the Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) Bill 2024. The Greens welcome the reforms in this bill, which seek to strengthen protections and criminal justice outcomes for victims-survivors of sexual violence, particularly women and children. We support the changes that will enhance protections for vulnerable witnesses, make sexual reputation evidence inadmissible, and place greater restrictions on sexual experience evidence. The way that this sensitive and personal information has been weaponised and used to perpetuate rape culture and victim-blaming is completely unacceptable, and every survivor knows it. I'm relieved this is finally being recognised and fixed.”Read this contribution in Hansard ↗
Second reading speech
Larissa Waters supports the bill but calls for stronger protections by prohibiting accused people from personally cross-examining victim-survivors of sexual violence.
“(b) calls on the Government to prohibit personal cross-examination of a victim-survivor by the accused".”Read this contribution in Hansard ↗
4 speakers · 4 support
“Overall, this bill is a step in the right direction for a more victim-centred justice system for those who suffer the trauma of sexual assault. But I urge the government to remain open-minded on further reforms as needed, particularly to ensure greater streamlining between federal and state jurisdictions. It that has been brought to my attention that, where a case goes across state lines, often evidence and prosecution fall through the cracks for victims of sexual assault, in particular in the case of minors. That may need to be considered from the Commonwealth federal jurisdiction because going across state lines often leads to the cases not proceeding to prosecution.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“I rise in support of the Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) Bill 2024. For survivors of sexual violence and abuse, participating in the criminal justice system is really challenging. To have suffered a traumatic event and then be expected to detail and relive the trauma again and again must be agonising. Coupled with the shame and stigma that so often accompanies these kinds of crimes, it's a situation that you wouldn't wish on your worst enemy.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“I commend the government, particularly the Attorney-General and his team, for this bill. It fixes some of the existing gaps in Commonwealth criminal proceedings. But, today, I call on the government and, indeed, all of us to do more to address sexual violence. This is something that shouldn't just happen in this place. These are conversations that we need to be having everywhere in our communities. More funding is needed to address current service black spots and waiting times for sexual assault services. As it stands, survivors are being told to wait months for trauma counselling. In the eastern region of Victoria, which includes my electorate of Goldstein, the waiting list for counselling is six to eight months. The Sexual Assault Crisis Line is the central after-hours coordination point in Victoria for responding to sexual assault. It can consistently respond to only 65 per cent of calls because it's so understaffed and underfunded. Waiting list times for men's behaviour change programs are too long. Men using violence are also on months long waiting lists. What happens to the men, women and children in-between?”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
“I rise today to support the introduction of the Crimes Amendment (Strengthening the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Violence) Bill 2024. There is no doubt that the criminal justice process is distressing and traumatising for victims-survivors. From the very outset, it is a process that is challenging for victims-survivors to trust, especially given the common and unfortunately largely accurate perception that the criminal justice system is ineffective at prosecuting sexual offences. Even if a person feels able to report the offences committed against them, that is just the start of a process that will often serve to compound the trauma of the original assault. The adversarial justice system; the nature of the offences, which are often committed in private, where victims-survivors are the only witness; and the intractable, sexist perceptions of victims-survivors throughout our society—each of these factors makes seeking a conviction uniquely challenging in sexual violence matters.”Read the full speech in Hansard ↗
Record
House · Introduced and read a first time
Introduced
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
House · Second reading moved
Second reading opened
A minister or sponsoring member moved the second reading, opening the main debate on the bill's purpose and principles.
House · Second reading debate
Second reading debate
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
House · Referred to Federation Chamber
Referred to Federation Chamber
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
House · Second reading debate
Second reading debate
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
House · Second reading agreed to
Second reading agreed
The chamber agreed to the bill at second reading, meaning it accepted the bill in principle and allowed it to continue.
House · Reported from Federation Chamber
Reported from Federation Chamber
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
House · Third reading agreed to
Third reading agreed
The chamber agreed to the bill at third reading, which completed passage through that chamber.
Senate · Introduced and read a first time
Introduced
The bill was formally presented to the chamber and read a first time, which starts its parliamentary journey.
Senate · Second reading moved
Second reading opened
A minister or sponsoring member moved the second reading, opening the main debate on the bill's purpose and principles.
Senate · Second reading debate
Second reading debate
The bill reached this recorded parliamentary step.
Senate · Second reading agreed to
Second reading agreed
The chamber agreed to the bill at second reading, meaning it accepted the bill in principle and allowed it to continue.
Senate · Committee of the whole: amendments considered
Amendment packages agreed
The chamber considered amendments before the bill moved to the next stage.
Senate · Third reading agreed to
Third reading agreed
The chamber agreed to the bill at third reading, which completed passage through that chamber.
House · Consideration of Senate message
House agreed to Senate amendments
The House dealt with Senate amendments or requests so both chambers could settle the bill in the same form.
Parliament · Finally passed both Houses
Passed both houses
Both houses passed the bill in the same form, completing parliamentary passage.
Assent · Assent
Assent
The Governor-General gave Royal Assent, turning the bill into an Act.
Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills
Scrutiny Digest 7 of 2024
Considered by scrutiny committee (28 Feb 2024): Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills; Scrutiny Digest 7 of 2024
APH bill page notesSenate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee
Report tabled 24 Apr 2024
Referred to Committee (29 Feb 2024): Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee; Committee report (24 Apr 2024)
APH bill page notesParliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights
Report 2 of 2024
Considered by scrutiny committee (20 Mar 2024): Parliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights; Report 2 of 2024
APH bill page notes